Angiotensin II human (Ang II) is a biologically active peptide, a vasoconstrictor. Angiotensin II interacts with AT1R and AT2R to regulate blood pressure, stimulate sympathetic nerves, and increase aldosterone biosynthesis and renal activity in humans.

METHODS: Human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HCC) HepG-2, SMMC-7721, and MHCC97-H were treated with Angiotensin II (1-1000 nM) for 24-72 h. The cell viability was determined using MTT.
RESULTS: Angiotensin II induced HCC cell lines to show higher growth in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. [1]
METHODS: Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were treated with Angiotensin II (1 μmol/L) for 5 min-48 h. HMGB1 and IL-6 expression levels were measured by ELISA and RT-qPCR.
RESULTS: Angiotensin II enhanced the expression levels of HMGB1 and IL-6 in cardiomyocytes. [2]

METHODS: To determine insulin action in a human hypertensive mouse model, Angiotensin II (1.1 mg/kg in 0.9% saline) was administered to C57Bl/6J mice using an osmotic minipump for two to four weeks.
RESULTS: Blood pressure increased after Angiotensin II treatment. The increase in serum insulin was greater in Angiotensin II-treated mice after glucose administration. Long-term Angiotensin II treatment for four weeks enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in mice. [3]
METHODS: To analyze genotoxic effects in vivo, Angiotensin II (60 ng/kg/min-1 μg/kg/min) was administered using an osmotic minipump to C57Bl/6J mice for four weeks.
RESULTS: Angiotensin II increased SBP up to 38 mmHg over control and adversely affected renal function in mice. In the heart, a significant increase in reactive oxygen species formation and double-strand breaks were detected at the highest administered dose. In the kidney, a dose-dependent increase in superoxide formation, double-strand breaks and DNA base modification mutations were observed. [4]

(129×C57BL/6) F1 mice, which lack AT1A receptors Angiotensin II used, are fed 10 gm/day gelled 0.25% NaCl diet that contains all nutrients and water. After 28 days of Angiotensin II infusion, hearts are harvested, weighed fixed in formalin, sectioned, and stained with Masson trichrome.